ORS 197A.400
Clear and objective approval criteria required

  • alternative approval process

(1)

Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, a local government may adopt and apply only clear and objective standards, conditions and procedures regulating the development of housing, including needed housing, on land within an urban growth boundary. The standards, conditions and procedures:

(a)

May include, but are not limited to, one or more provisions regulating the density or height of a development.

(b)

May not have the effect, either in themselves or cumulatively, of discouraging needed housing through unreasonable cost or delay.

(2)

The provisions of subsection (1) of this section do not apply to:

(a)

An application or permit for residential development in an area identified in a formally adopted central city plan, or a regional center as defined by Metro, in a city with a population of 500,000 or greater.

(b)

An application or permit for residential development in historic areas designated for protection under a land use planning goal protecting historic areas.

(3)

In addition to an approval process for needed housing based on clear and objective standards, conditions and procedures as provided in subsection (1) of this section, a local government may adopt and apply an alternative approval process for applications and permits for residential development based on approval criteria that are not clear and objective if:

(a)

The applicant retains the option of proceeding under the approval process that meets the requirements of subsection (1) of this section;

(b)

The approval criteria for the alternative approval process comply with applicable statewide land use planning goals and rules; and

(c)

The approval criteria for the alternative approval process authorize a density at or above the density level authorized in the zone under the approval process provided in subsection (1) of this section.

(4)

Subject to subsection (1) of this section, this section does not infringe on a local government’s prerogative to:

(a)

Set approval standards under which a particular housing type is permitted outright;

(b)

Impose special conditions upon approval of a specific development proposal; or

(c)

Establish approval procedures. [Formerly subsections (4) to (7) of 197.307]
Note: The amendments to 197A.400 (Clear and objective approval criteria required) (formerly 197.307) by section 2, chapter 533, Oregon Laws 2023, become operative July 1, 2025. See section 4, chapter 533, Oregon Laws 2023. The text that is operative on and after July 1, 2025, is set forth for the user’s convenience.
197A.400 (Clear and objective approval criteria required). (1) Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, a local government may adopt and apply only clear and objective standards, conditions and procedures regulating the development of housing, including needed housing, on land within an urban growth boundary, unincorporated communities designated in a county’s acknowledged comprehensive plan after December 5, 1994, nonresource lands and areas zoned for rural residential use as defined in ORS 215.501 (Conversion of historic homes to accessory dwelling units). The standards, conditions and procedures:

(a)

May include, but are not limited to, one or more provisions regulating the density or height of a development.

(b)

May not have the effect, either in themselves or cumulatively, of discouraging needed housing through unreasonable cost or delay.

(2)

The provisions of subsection (1) of this section do not apply to:

(a)

An application or permit for residential development in an area identified in a formally adopted central city plan, or a regional center as defined by Metro, in a city with a population of 500,000 or greater.

(b)

An application or permit for residential development in historic areas designated for protection under a land use planning goal protecting historic areas.

(3)

In addition to an approval process for needed housing based on clear and objective standards, conditions and procedures as provided in subsection (1) of this section, a local government may adopt and apply an alternative approval process for applications and permits for residential development based on approval criteria that are not clear and objective if:

(a)

The applicant retains the option of proceeding under the approval process that meets the requirements of subsection (1) of this section;

(b)

The approval criteria for the alternative approval process comply with applicable statewide land use planning goals and rules; and

(c)

The approval criteria for the alternative approval process authorize a density at or above the density level authorized in the zone under the approval process provided in subsection (1) of this section.

(4)

Subject to subsection (1) of this section, this section does not infringe on a local government’s prerogative to:

(a)

Set approval standards under which a particular housing type is permitted outright;

(b)

Impose special conditions upon approval of a specific development proposal; or

(c)

Establish approval procedures.

Source: Section 197A.400 — Clear and objective approval criteria required; alternative approval process, https://www.­oregonlegislature.­gov/bills_laws/ors/ors197A.­html.

Notes of Decisions

Where local provisions deal with contents of notices required under ORS 227.178, “clear and objective” standards may be established through notice contents rather than through text of local provisions. Rogue Valley Association of Realtors v. City of Ashland, 158 Or App 1, 970 P2d 685 (1999), Sup Ct review denied

Requirement that appearance and aesthetic standards attached to certain development or permit applications be “clear and objective” applies only when standards have no other regulatory purpose. Rogue Valley Association of Realtors v. City of Ashland, 158 Or App 1, 970 P2d 685 (1999), Sup Ct review denied

Local government clear and objective standard requirement applies to standards, conditions and procedures regulating development of housing without regard to whether development will occur on buildable land. Warren v. Washington County, 296 Or App 595, 439 P3d 581 (2019), Sup Ct review denied

As used in this section, “clear and objective standards” refers to whether standard itself, when read in context, is clear and objective; phrase does not prohibit standard from containing terms that are imprecise or ambiguous, which is relevant consideration in analysis of whether standard is clear and objective. Roberts v. City of Cannon Beach, 316 Or App 305, 504 P3d 1249 (2021), Sup Ct review denied

197A.015
Definitions for ORS 197.475 to 197.493 and ORS chapter 197A
197A.018
Definition of “needed housing.”
197A.020
Limitations on requiring contribution for government assisted housing
197A.025
Policy
197A.030
Department support to local governments to incentivize needed housing
197A.100
Housing production strategy
197A.103
Review of housing production strategy
197A.110
City report on housing permitting and production
197A.115
City report on implementation of housing production strategy
197A.130
Identification of cities with unmet housing needs
197A.200
Local government planning for needed housing
197A.205
Housing and Community Services Department review of certain local housing measures
197A.210
Development-ready lands
197A.215
Application to remove property from within urban growth boundary
197A.230
Definitions for ORS 197A.230 to 197A.250
197A.232
Findings regarding long-range planning
197A.235
Designation of rural and urban reserves pursuant to intergovernmental agreement
197A.242
Coordinated and concurrent process for designation of urban and rural reserves
197A.245
Urban reserves
197A.250
Designation of certain Washington County lands
197A.270
Determination of housing capacity and accommodation of needed housing by cities with population of 25,000 or greater
197A.278
Lane County accommodation of needed housing
197A.280
Determination of housing capacity and accommodation of needed housing by cities with population of less than 25,000
197A.285
Priority of land to be included within urban growth boundaries
197A.300
Definition of “serviceable.”
197A.302
Purposes
197A.305
Alternative amendment process
197A.310
Cities with population of less than 10,000
197A.312
Cities with population of 10,000 or greater
197A.315
Expansion study areas
197A.325
Review of final decision of city
197A.335
Determination of housing capacity and accommodation of needed housing by Metro cities
197A.348
Definition of “needed housing.”
197A.350
Determination of housing capacity and accommodation of needed housing by Metro
197A.355
Priority of land to be included within Metro urban growth boundary
197A.358
Metro urban growth boundary designation
197A.362
Timing of Metro accommodation of needed housing
197A.365
Metro housing coordination strategy
197A.370
Metro report of performance measures
197A.372
Metro evaluation of accommodation of needed housing
197A.395
Limits on local government prohibitions
197A.400
Clear and objective approval criteria required
197A.420
Duplexes
197A.425
Accessory dwelling units
197A.430
Single room occupancies
197A.445
Affordable housing allowed outright
197A.460
Residential use of commercial lands for affordable housing
197A.465
Local requirements to develop affordable housing
197A.470
Final action on affordable housing application
197A.500
Definitions for ORS 197A.500 to 197A.521
197A.502
Legislative findings
197A.503
Preemptive effect of ORS 197A.500 to 197A.521
197A.505
Establishment of criteria for decisions in land use final order
197A.507
Procedure for review of established criteria
197A.509
Development of land use final order
197A.511
Land use final order
197A.513
Plan amendments
197A.515
Land Use Board of Appeals review of land use final order
197A.517
Supreme Court review of Land Use Board of Appeals opinion on land use final order
197A.519
Amendments to land use final order
197A.521
Failure to meet timeline
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